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Document Type |
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Article In Journal |
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Document Title |
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Hyperparathyroidism and hypothyroidism in individuals consuming high fluoride intake in Jeddah-Saudi Arabia Hyperparathyroidism and hypothyroidism in individuals consuming high fluoride intake in Jeddah-Saudi Arabia |
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Document Language |
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English |
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Abstract |
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Background of Study: Fluoride excess is toxic resulting in fluorosis affecting dental and skeletal tissues and leading to osteosclerosis. Reported non skeletal effects
include hypothyroidism in animals, and hyperparathyroidism in humans. Tea is a major source of fluoride in diet . Fluoridated dental products could also contribute
substantially to over all intake . Both sources are widely used in Saudi Arabia. Thus , undetected excessive fluoride intake and endocrine disorder could be a hidden
problem.
Objectives: To investigate the existence of fluoride excess and its effect on the thyroid and parathyroid glands.
Methods: 145 healthy subjects of different ages (7-50 years) were recruited. Dietary intake was recorded using food frequency questionnaire. Subjects were examined
dentally for carries and fluorosis, and clinically for any symptoms of disease. They were questioned on their dental hygiene practice. Fasting blood samples were
obtained for the estimation of FT3, FT4, TSH,PTH, Calcium, phosphate and albumin. Samples of drinking water and fasting urine were also obtained, for the estimation of
fluoride. Fluoride was estimated in all types of drinking water, and beverages consumed by subjects. Fluoride intake from all sources was calculated for all subjects, and
they were divided into age groups and subgroups according to their total fluoride intake.
Results: Fluorosis was detected in 15 adults. High intake of fluoride was detected in a large percentage of subjects,some of which exhibited depressed thyroid activity
and hyperparathyroidism,which seemed to be reserved when intake was decreased.
Conclusions: Excessive fluoride intake is common in our population, associated with undetected hyperparathyroidism and hypothyroidism. Use of fluoride supplements
and highly fluoridated dental products on regular bases and excessive tea drinking must be discouraged. |
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ISSN |
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17142654 |
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Journal Name |
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Proceedings of the 12th international congress of endocrinology |
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Volume |
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1 |
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Issue Number |
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1 |
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Publishing Year |
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2004 AH
2004 AD |
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Article Type |
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Article |
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Added Date |
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Wednesday, March 24, 2010 |
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Researchers
| سهاد باحجري | BAHIJRI, SUHAD | Researcher | Doctorate | |
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