Document Details

Document Type : Thesis 
Document Title :
Lanthanum ion exchanged 12-tungstophosphoric acid catalysts for biodiesel production
تبادل أيون اللانثانوم محفزات حمض التنجستفوسفوريك 12 لإنتاج الديزل الحيوي
 
Subject : Faculty of Science 
Document Language : Arabic 
Abstract : Fatty acid methyl esters (Biodiesel) mainly produced from triglycerides of vegetable oils and animal fat have attracted a great deal of interest as substitutes for petrodiesel to reduce dependence on imported petroleum. Biodiesel has similar physical properties to petrochemical diesel and is considered the best alternative fuel candidate for use in diesel engines. Heterogeneous catalysts play an essential role in the transesterification reaction owing to the advantages of reusability and separation. Advantageously, these catalysts could make the biodiesel product more environmentally friendly, sustainable and cost-effective.In this work, biodiesel was produced by transesterification of long and branched-chain triglycerides (glyceryl tributyrate) with methanol using solid lanthanum exchanged 12-tungstophosphoric acid [LaxPW12O40, x=0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00] and 12-molybodphosphoric acid [LaxPMo12O40, x=0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00] as heterogeneous catalysts. The synthesized catalysts were analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffusive reflectance UV-vis (DRUV-vis) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2-physisorption and acidity and alkalinity measurements. The characterization results suggested that the materials composed of Keggin structure with La situated in the secondary structure. The XPS reveals that most of the samples possessed two environments (W6+/W5+ or Mo6+/Mo5+), indicating the existence of a surface layer of HPA with reduced W5+ or Mo5+ ions. The FTIR analysis of pyrrole adsorbed samples and N2-physisorption results disclosed that the number of basic sites was increased with the increase of La loadings from 0.25 to 1.00. The highest number of accessible surface basic sites were observed in case of La1.00TPA sample. Highest glyceryl tributyrate conversion, 98% was obtained at 90 °C, the molar ratio of glyceryl tributyrate and methanol is 1:12, reaction time is 140 minutes. The LaxTPA and LaxMPA materials with x>0.25 have not shown any leaching and were reused several times without a substantial reduction in their performance. The synthesized La exchanged HPA samples can be utilized for one-pot transesterification glyceryl tributyrate and palmitic acid esterification and reactions due to the presence of balanced acid and base sites. 
Supervisor : Prof. Dr. Katabathini Narasimharao 
Thesis Type : Master Thesis 
Publishing Year : 1441 AH
2020 AD 
Co-Supervisor : Dr. Qana Alsulami 
Added Date : Tuesday, June 2, 2020 

Researchers

Researcher Name (Arabic)Researcher Name (English)Researcher TypeDr GradeEmail
بدرية مطير الشمريAlshammari, Badriah MutairResearcherMaster 

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